Additional information: Initially, the Smart City Index In many cases, handling data and privacy is a very sensitive developed by the IMD included a subcategory called City Official matter. For example, in the Sidewalk Labs project in Toronto, Corruption. This subcategory is present in our ebook because the fact that one central actor was going to control most of the it aids understanding of cities’ institutional environments, but data generated was an issue that may have negatively affected we did not award a numerical score to cities for it. the implementation of the project. Data management Additional information: We have observed two main types of data This section contains no specific subcategories. We have management in smart cities: one based on a collaborative platform, decided to use this section to list and identify all programs, and one based on a centralized platform. These two models helped frameworks, and solutions related to data management. This us to identify different data management paths and lend the whole section aims to complement our discussion of governance, research a data focus. since understanding smart cities’ data management plans may help to identify actors whose involvement in a smart city program will be required to ensure a secure data network. 51 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021