Figure 7.6 – Falls in energy consumption in Vienna (SCWFS 2019–2050, 2019) 10 000 Envisaged trend of energy consumption in Vienna: Fall in energy consumption - growing share of renewables 8 000 6 000 4 000 2 000 0 2005 2017 2030 2050 2005 2017 2030 2050 2005 2017 2030 2050 Buildings Local transport Over energy consumption Share of renewables in total energy consumption RenewableNon renewable 9%17%30%70% 2005 2017 2030 2050 Figure 7.6 summarizes the main objectives related to energy used for residential purposes (SCWFS, 2019: 73). Based on within Vienna’s smart city framework. Urban Innovation Vienna the forecast population growth, an additional building effort is is the city’s competence center for future urban problems required: “At least seventy-five thousand additional dwellings (https://www.urbaninnovation.at/de). It has derived goals from will be needed by 2030” (SCWFS 2019–2050, 2019: 73). Buildings a detailed calculation model. represent a huge energy consumption source. At the city level, a sufficient supply of affordable energy options is required. Included within the Smart City Wien Framework Strategy is a Satisfying that requirement would also contribute to the city’s twofold approach called “energy consumption and transition.” carbon neutrality objective. Thus, in Vienna new regulation This strategy requires a strong interplay of various actors. The requires new buildings to be constructed to near-zero-energy city council wants energy use per capita for heating, hot water, standards (pp. 73, 74 and 76). Moreover, “existing buildings and air conditioning to be further reduced by one percent per are being retrofitted and fully reinsulated” (SCWFS, 2019: 73). year, equivalent to a 22 percent reduction by 2030 and a 36 Heating and energy systems are gradually being converted to percent reduction by 2050 (compared to the 2005-2010 average use renewable energy sources. The city’s “integrated design benchmark). Meanwhile, the share of renewables is to be approach requires the future planning of facilities to promote increased to 25 percent by 2030 and to almost 60 percent by 2050. the use of eco-friendly building materials” (SCWFS, 2019: 73). In addition, the final energy consumption per capita of Vienna’s Information-modelling tools should simplify construction local transport sector is forecast to fall by 40 percent by 2030, projects’ planning and execution (p. 81). They help to create and by 70 percent by 2050. However, other energy consumption a collaborative digital model for use by all parties involved in types, such as electricity for public and private lighting or the same project, from architects and designers to builders, electronic devices, as well as businesses’ use of energy, are installation technicians, and facility management. The models’ not expected to decline. algorithms contain detailed and comprehensive information relating to every step of the building’s entire life cycle: 5.2 Buildings and energy conception, design, maintenance, operation, and recycling (p. 154). They allow construction projects to be redesigned and In Vienna, the urban landscape combines historical buildings. adapted so that they can be more economical, more resource Approximately 90 percent of the city’s 170,000 buildings are efficient, and more sustainable. 211 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021 atipac rep hWk