Figure 7.4 illustrates the main actions that fall under the The Aspern—Vienna’s Urban Lakeside project and its innovative mobility plan in Vienna. It includes public spaces, governance mobility measures will serve as a mobility lab in which potential responsibilities and resources, business solutions, transport future mobility habits can be tested. organizations’ models and management approaches, mobility innovation, transport infrastructure, sharing economy, and 2.3 Public transport partnerships. In Vienna, public transport makes a significant contribution to 2.2.1 A window on the future of mobility quality of life and therefore requires an efficient energy system. Aspern—Vienna’s Urban Lakeside is one of Europe’s biggest The metro in Vienna accounts for about 40 percent of the electricity urban development projects. Siemens is very strongly involved consumed by the city’s transportation infrastructure, representing in the project. In 2021, the project is still under construction. By the annual consumption of about fifty thousand Viennese 2028, Aspern is scheduled to have around 10,500 apartments households (Urban Mobility Plan Vienna Smart City,52019) and a school campus. It will create twenty thousand jobs, and an industrial park and a research center will be built there. Technological improvements installed in Vienna’s metro now (https://new.siemens.com/fr/fr/produits/buildingtechnologies/ allow the energy from braking trains to be captured. The testing references/aspern-viennas-urban-lakeside.html). Aspern is not period for this technology showed that energy captured from merely a big real-estate development or a greenfield city. The trains’ braking energy would satisfy the consumption needs backbone of this huge project, Aspern Smart City Research, is of 360 households and an energy cost of up to one hundred a partnership between the city’s utility companies (that is, Wien thousand euros, as well as delivering a reduction in CO2 Energie and Wiener Netze), Wien 3420 (a project development emissions (UMPVSC, 2019). company), Vienna Business Agency (a city department), and Siemens (the only industrial partner involved in the project). To reduce the need for cars, the public transport system must be efficient and competitive with private vehicles. Public transport This new part of the city is coupled with a bundle of innovative in Vienna is already well developed and is seen as an integrated mobility measures that contribute to sustainable and smart system that combines and coordinates all individual types of public growth. Within this project, a reduction in the number of transportation (regional buses, city buses, trams, underground parking spaces, made feasible by the area’s high level of public lines, and suburban trains). The City Council supervises transport- transport connections, has allowed bigger public spaces. Part related planning and infrastructure building. of the savings obtained from reduced construction of parking garages has been allocated to an innovative mobility fund that is To ensure that measures being taken to enhance public being used to finance alternative forms of mobility such as car transport are effective, these critical criteria must be met: sharing. Projects created in the area by the mobility fund aim • The Urban Mobility Program will be built on existing plans to help residents to move around without using cars. for infrastructure expansion and the insights gained from the experiences, analyses, and forecasts of mobility service Some of the critical points of the development of this project providers and transport companies such as Wiener Linen. It are: will be prepared and regularly updated by Vienna City Council; •Implementation of ebike sharing systems, including freight • All means of public transport and transportations services, bikes, which enable cyclists to travel longer distances or regardless of the mobility provider, are to be included in transport luggage conveniently; urban planning; •A delivery service offered by local supermarkets brings • Coordination and collaboration between Vienna and external goods to people’s doorstep, noise and emission free; institutions—for example, the Regional Transport Network; •Each building in the residential estate will have a bicycle Austria Railways; the provinces of Lower Austria and trailer, which can quickly be converted into a shopping caddy; Burgenland; and the Ministry of Transport, Infrastructure, •Lockable and protected bike-parking facilities, which are at and Technology—are fundamental; the same time attractive pieces of urban furniture, will be • In areas of new urban development, agreements for building available; transport infrastructure will include rail and bus lines, whose •Car-sharing parking spaces and areas for taxis and hired full-scale operation will be taken into account in construction cars will be distributed across the neighborhood, both planning. Interfaces with surrounding pedestrian routes and outdoors and in garages. cycling paths are also to be considered early on. (5) Below: UMPVSC, 2019. 203 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021