NEA: National Environment Agency – Singapore (SG) SNI: Smart Nation Initiative – Singapore (SG) WEF: World Economic Forum NGO: Non-Governmental Organization SPA: Singapore Packaging Agreement – Singapore (SG) WHO: World Health Organisation NOAA: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric SSB: Sustainable Singapore Blueprint – Singapore (SG) WPP: Waste Prevention Plan - Barcelona (SP) Administration STEP: Urban Development Plan Vienna // WTMA: Waterfront Transportation Management NP: Neighborhood Plan – Barcelona (SP) Stadtentwicklungplan – Vienna (AUS) Association – Toronto (CA) OECD: Organization for the Economic Cooperation and SUTD: Singapore University of Technology and Design ZWS: Zero Waste Strategy – Barcelona (SP) Development TDSB: Toronto District School Board – Toronto (CA) OSAC: Overseas Security Advisory Council – Denmark (DK) TES: Transition to Energy Sovereignty plan – Barcelona (SP) PASA: People’s Association Senior Academy – Singapore TGBBW: The Great Bubble Barrier Website - Amsterdam (SG) (NL) PCCD: Participation Consulta Ciudadana Diagonal - TPH: Toronto Public Health – Toronto (CA) Barcelona (SP) TPL: Toronto Public Library – Toronto (CA) PDA: Personal Digital Assistant TWA: Tech Wire Asia PDPA: Personal Data Protection Act – Singapore (SG) TWh: TeraWatt hours (or million MegaWatt hours) PECQ: Energy, Climate Change, and Air Quality Plan of UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Barcelona (SP) UCLG: United Cities and Local Governments PMEB: Barcelona Energy Improvement Plan – Barcelona (SP) UDT: Urban Data Trust – Toronto (CA) PMQAB: Air Quality Improvement Plan – Barcelona (SP) UMP: Urban Mobility Plan – Vienna (AUS) PMU: Urban Mobility Plan – Barcelona (SP) UMPVSC: Urban Mobility Plan Vienna Smart City – Vienna (AUS) PPCE: Public Policy for Culture and Education – Barcelona (SP) UMPVSC: Urban Mobility Plan Vienna Smart City – Vienna (AUS) PPP: Public-Private Partnership UN: United Nations PSI: Pollutant Standards Index – Singapore (SG) UNDP: United Nations Development Program PSLE: Primary School Leaving Examination – Singapore (SG) UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme PSPS: Public Sector Sustainability Plan – Singapore (SG) UNESCO: United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural and Organization PUB: Public Utilities Board – Singapore (SG) UNFCCC: United Nations Framework Convention on RDU: Responsible Data Use – Toronto (CA) Climate Change RfP: Request for Proposals UNICEF: United Nations International Children’s Emergency ROI: Return on Investment Fund SCDF: Singapore Civil Defense Force – Singapore (SG) USB: Universal Serial Bus SCO: IMD Smart City Observatory UWV: Uitkeringsorgaan Werknemers Verzekeringe SCWFS: Smart City Wien Framework Strategy – Vienna // branch of the Dutch Ministry of Social Affairs and (AUS) Employment // Employee Insurance Administration SDG: United Nations’ seventeen Sustainable Development WAFF: Wiener ArbeitnehmerImen Forderungsfonds – Goals Vienna (AUS) SME: Small and Medium Enterprise WBSO: Wet Bevordering Speur- en Ontwikkelingswerk SNDGO: Smart Nation and Digital Government Office – // Promotion of Research and Development Act – Singapore (SG) Amsterdam (NL) 236 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021