For instance, citizens would have complete access to digital highly corrupt), Singapore remains the only Asian country in the government services and therefore be more informed regarding top ten (Olivia Ho, 2020). The Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau, local decisions and the Smart Nation’s progress. meanwhile, acknowledges that Singapore has stood out globally as the least corrupt country in Asia since 1995. Furthermore, since the creation of its Feedback Unit in 1985, the Singaporean government has extensively consulted with the Still, the whole nation’s digitalization will probably require public (eGov2015, 2011). The eGov2015 master plan’s focus is to corruption to be evaluated through different lenses: data maintain this effort and raise awareness of new developments collection and usage would probably be at the heart of this by ensuring that citizens are informed about decisions and transition journey. Unethical use of personal and private data changes. In addition, the government aims to go beyond public generated by many egovernment services could represent a consultation exercises and implement more platforms and potential means of corruption and blackmailing issues. applications that facilitate interaction with citizens. 6.3 Feedback from citizens In 2018, the launch of the SG:D Digital Economic Framework for Action complemented the digital framework plan for the The Singaporean Government has created many applications Smart Nation. The vision is defined as “a government that is and programs to ensure two ways of communicating with digital to the core, and serves with heart,” and the strategic its citizens: engaging citizens in participation, and providing pillars are based on integrating services focused on citizens’ citizens with accurate information. Six examples of technologies and businesses’ needs through a reliable digital data platform aiming to enhance citizens’ participation through feedback and to promote innovation and facilitate the adoption of technology decision making are (Smart Nation Singapore website, The Way (SG:D, 2018). Objectives have been set for 2023 to ensure that forward, 2020): the digitalization process within Singapore Smart Nation would • Myinfo: This is an application gathering six hundred be in line with the government’s approach.12 government and commercial digital services through Myinfo Business (an extension launched in January 2019), cutting In terms of stakeholders’ satisfaction, the objectives for 2023 application time by 80 percent by users and saving up to are (SG:D, 2018): fifty dollars for the first transaction. Overall, the reduction in •Ensuring that digital services satisfy 75-80 percent of citizens; transaction time for business is around 80 percent. On that •Ensuring that digital services satisfy 75-80 percent of platform, gathering 110,000 daily transactions (in 2020), the businesses. government will share verified data with the private sector •Regarding end-to-end digital options, the objectives to be (some 340 government agencies and businesses) from achieved by 2023 are (SG:D, 2018): various sectors, including telecommunications, utilities, •100 percent of services must offer epayment options; banking, and finance; •100 percent of forms are prefilled with government-verified • SingPass Mobile: This application is part of the Smart Nation data; initiative and aims to provide greater convenience and security •100 percent of services with a digital signature option will for Singaporeans when they carry out online transactions. The include the option of providing a wet-ink signature instead; application currently has one million users; •90-95 percent of transactions will be completed digitally. • Moment of Life (MOL): This is a mobile application launched by the Singaporean government to support citizens’ needs. The report also states that the government will train over twenty By January 2020, over 120,000 people had downloaded the thousand public officers in data analytics and data sciences app to access personal services. A similar application, called and implement between thirty and fifty digital projects by 2023 MOL Families, has also been launched; it reduces the time (SG:D, 2018). These points illustrate that the government is needed for birth registration and Baby Bonus by three, focusing on citizens’ inputs within its digitalization process. leading to over eighteen thousand births reregistered without physical interventions. In addition, an app called MOL Active 6.2 Corruption Ageing provides content about cognitive activities, programs, and elderly support; In terms of corruption, a recent article from the Straits Times states • PayNow: This epayment application, which had 3.2 million that Singapore “ranked the fourth least corrupt country in the world” registered users in 2019, aims to make digital payments (Olivia Ho, 2020). With 85 points on Transparency International’s safe and straightforward. In 2019, seventy-one million 2019 Corruption Perception Index (100 being very clean and 0 transactions were made on the platform; (12) https://www.smartnation.gov.sg/why-Smart-Nation/transforming-singapore (Accessed on 22 March 2021). 158 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021