List of acronyms AAL: Active and Assisted Living – Vienna (AUS) CPH: Copenhagen (DK), Denmark - Copenhagen (DK) HDB: Housing and Development Board - Singapore (SG) ACSR: Art and Culture Strategic Review – Singapore (SG) (Airport Code) // Associated to Climate Plan for Greater HDI: Human Development Index AGAAmsterdam Green Agenda – Amsterdam (NL) Copenhagen (DK) HDR: Human Development Report by OECD (2019) CPT: Cable-Propelled Transit IBM: International Business Machines Corporation AHTI: Amsterdam Health and Technology Institute – Amsterdam (NL) CSSP: Community Safety and Security Programme – ICT: Information and Communication Technologies Singapore (SG) AI: Artificial Intelligence IDEA: Innovation Development and Economic Acceleration AISG: Artificial Intelligence Singapore – Singapore (SG) CTO: Chief Technology/Technical Officer District – Toronto (CA) ASC: Amsterdam Smart City – Amsterdam (NL) CVW: City of Vienna Website – Vienna (AUS) IESE: Instituto de Estudios Superiores de la Empresa // CWI: Amsterdam Centrum Voor Werk & Inkomen // Institute of Higher Business Studies (Spain) ASCN: ASEAN Smart Cities Network Amsterdam Centre for Work and Income – Amsterdam IMD: Institute for Management Development (Switzerland) ASCR: Aspern Smart City Research – Vienna (AUS) (NL) ASEAN: Association of South East Asian Nations IMDA: Infocomm Media Development Authority - Singapore CZSC: City-Zen Smart City (SG) AUAS: Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences – DDS: Amsterdam De Digitale Stad – Amsterdam (NL) Amsterdam (NL) IoT: Internet of Things DESA: United Nations Department of Economic and Social IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change AWRP: Alternative Water Resources Plan – Barcelona (SP) Affairs B2B: Business to Business ITS: Information Technology Services - University of DKK: Danish Kroner – Copenhagen (DK) Toronto B2C: Business to Customer EDP: Economic Development Plan – Barcelona (SP) BCA: Building and Construction Authority – Singapore (SG) ITS: Intelligent Transport System – Singapore (SG) EMA: Energy Market Authority – Singapore (SG) ITS: Intelligent Transportation Society – Singapore (SG) BCN: Open Data Ajuntament de Barcelona - Open data EMAS: Expressway Monitoring System and Advisory System service portal – Barcelona (SP) KliP: Climate Protection Program – Vienna (AUS) – Singapore (SG) BGIB: Barcelona Green Infrastructure and Biodiversity Plan KLUP: Social Platform for Seniors – Amsterdam (NL) EMS: Emergency Medical Service – Singapore (SG) – Barcelona (SP) LCMP: Low Carbon Mobility Plans – Copenhagen (DK) EPHA: Environmental Public Health Act – Singapore (SG) BRI: Building Research Institute - Singapore (SG) LED: Light-Emitting Diode ERDF: European Regional Development Fund BSIP: Social Inclusion Plan – Barcelona (SP) LGBTI: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Intersex EU: European Union CAAP: Clean Air Action Plan – Amsterdam (NL) LTA: Land Transport Authority – Singapore (SG) EV: Electric Vehicles CAS: Crime Anticipation System – Amsterdam (NL) LTMD: Land Transport Master Plan – Singapore (SG) FaaS: Freight as a Service CBS: Dutch Central Bureau for Statistics – Amsterdam MaaS: Mobility as a Service (NL) FRECH: Frauen Ergreifen Chancen—Women seizing opportunities – Vienna (AUS) MACBA: Museu d’Art Contemporani of Barcelona (SP) CCTV: Closed Circuit Television MHA: Ministry of Home Affairs – Singapore (SG) GDRC: Global Development Research Center CDE: City Data Exchange - Copenhagen (DK) MIDP: Master Innovation and Development Plan – Toronto GGD: Gemeentelijke Gezondheidsdienst (Amsterdam) // CHART: Centre for Healthcare Assistive and Robotics Municipal Health Service (Amsterdam) – Amsterdam (NL) (CA) Technology - Singapore (SG) MOE: Ministry of Education – Singapore (SG) GHG: Green House Gas CLRP: Comprehensive Lighting Renewable Plan – Barcelona MOH: Ministry of Health - Singapore (SG) (SP) GRECO: The Group of States against Corruption (GRECO) - Established in 1999 by the Council of Europe MOL: Moment of Life – Singapore (SG) CMCE: Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy MRA: Metropolitan Region Amsterdam (NL) GTA: Greater Toronto Area – Toronto (CA) COP: Conference of the Parties – UN Climate Change NCCS: National Climate Change Secretariat - Singapore GUBMP: Guàrdia Urbana de Barcelona Master Plan – Conferences (SG) Barcelona (SP) 235 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021