To ensure opportunities for everyone within the city and integrate The SCWF’s main goals as concerns education are (SCWFS people within the development of the smart city program, the 2019–2050, 2019): Wiener ArbeitnehmerImen Forderungsfonds (WAFF) has •Creating a citywide network of learning communities by developed a set of objectives with the City Council to ensure that 2030. The idea of this focus is to strengthen the impact of employment-finding services in the city are efficient. Some of the education work; key objectives would be (WAFF website, 2020): • Raising awareness through a sustainability focused teaching •Ensuring an improvement in citizens’ career prospects; standard in all institutions; •Eliminating all forms of discrimination in the job market; • Education and training must respond to and reflect •Providing vocational training for young people; changing needs in businesses. Both working environments •Promoting equal opportunities; and occupational profiles are changing because of the •Making Vienna an attractive business location. technology revolution, and this trend accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Vienna’s policy offers some adequate To attain these objectives, WAFF is focusing on education educational training and qualification programs to promote and training programs for citizens. In 2018, approximately social and sustainable entrepreneurship. 33,500 citizens had benefited from measures and programs implemented by WAFF. Additionally, some programs have 4.3 Lifelong opportunities been created to ensure complete inclusion in the job market for Vienna’s residents. For instance, FRECH (Frauen ergreifen The development of new technologies, combined with the Chancen—Women seizing opportunities) is a program created challenge of climate change, has made the need for new for women who want a career change. skills more and more pressing. Lifelong opportunities would help people from all age groups to learn and develop new Municipal Department #17, in charge of integration and competencies, allowing them to be part of Vienna’s smart city diversity, proposed coaching services for new inhabitants. vision and therefore not face social exclusion or unemployment. However, to ensure a strong labor market and employment rate, improving access to education within Austria to train the young Vienna aims to offer a “comprehensive, needs-based, inclusive generation in line with new needs and technological solutions programme of digital education” (SCWFS, 2019-2050: 135), would represent the first step to consider. though with a strong focus on older adults (SCWFS, 2019-2050: 120). It can help to increase the city’s capacity for innovation and 4.2 Access to schools empower Vienna’s inhabitants to undertake successful economic initiatives and make a social contribution in the digital society. Training and providing adequate resources for younger generations is fundamental for the future development Vienna City Council emphasizes its commitment to inspiring of Vienna as a smart city. In Austria, school attendance is young people to choose educational training programs with mandatory for at least nine years. Like some other European a digital and sustainable focus. Support will be given for countries, Austria has a free public school system, and it offers educators to refresh their technical expertise in digital areas. childcare services to more than sixty-seven thousand children. Municipal policy will also encourage parents to be more aware of the important role of training in the digital environment. Vienna’s smart city agenda makes education an important focus and defines some key objectives that allow the City Council and To stimulate the adoption of new digital skills and environmental its ecosystem of actors to track and monitor the implementation expertise, Vienna City Council has highlighted the specific of new priorities in terms of education. They are ensuring that challenges relating to the smart and sustainable city. It aims to everyone benefits from low-threshold access to high-quality address these challenges through active cooperation involving educational facilities. The city’s objective is to provide high- the municipal administration, higher education and research quality education options for everyone, focusing on diversity and institutions, private companies, and end users, with a view to inclusion, and to create a city where no stereotype of any kind stimulating innovation within the digital sector and motivating plays a role in personal, educational, and professional choices. citizens to actively participate in the implementation of smart Furthermore, a well-defined framework has been developed in city programs. Vienna to recognize and validate qualifications obtained abroad. This policy can ensure that people studying abroad (or migrants In Vienna, the capacity for innovation within the city centers to Vienna) will still be able to live and work in the city. on a set of organizations: research institutions, businesses, 208 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021