Figure 7.3 – Adoption of energy-efficient, ecofriendly modes of transport (SCWFS 2019–2050, 2019). Figure 7.3 illustrates the progress that Vienna has made in or on foot (SCWFS 2019–2050, 2019). Another objective is to achieving one of its mobility program’s targets, under which reduce the volume of traffic entering municipal boundaries by 85 percent of the population will use diverse public transport 10 percent by 2030. Annual average daily traffic is used as an options (Smart City Wien Framework Strategy 2019–2050, 2019). indicator of traffic, and the volume of vehicle traffic crossing the municipal boundary is measured via sensors. The City Council According to a study conducted by Vienna City Council in 2018, has also developed strategies to ensure that most commercial nine out of ten residents of Vienna agree that “in Vienna, it’s traffic within the municipal boundaries is CO free by 2030.2 possible to manage perfectly well without your car.” One of the city’s objectives is for private motor vehicle ownership to fall to The mobility program within Vienna Smart City Framework 250 vehicles per thousand inhabitants by 2030; in 2018 there integrates many dimensions, from public spaces to circular were 350 motor vehicles per thousand inhabitants (SCWFS economy and public transport. This mobility plan takes a fair, 2019–2050, 2019). ecofriendly, robust, healthy, compact, and efficient approach that focuses principally on citizens’ needs. The programs aim The city has set the target that before 2030 at least 70 percent of to provide solutions that let individuals and businesses adopt all day-to-day trips in the city will continue to be short distances other means of transport and rethink how people move around of under five kilometers, with the majority being made by bike the city. Figure 7.4 – Fields of action for mobility in Vienna (SCWFS 2019–2050, 2019) 202 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021