whose needs require a specific approach. More generally, the (Figure 7.1). Life expectancy has risen rapidly in the city, and emphasis placed on the funding system for healthcare, which making sure residents can enjoy these additional years in good entails mandatory funding contributions from cities, is in line health is a priority. Critical aspects of this endeavor include with Austria’s legacy of social democracy. The social security providing recreation areas and outdoor spaces close to housing system ensures that every resident of Vienna should have areas. access to high-quality healthcare facilities. It is also expected that the city will be able to reduce As a consequence, massive investments jointly from the federal environmental pollution by making sure amenities are government and the City Council are ensuring that hospitals available within walking distance and keeping biodiversity and can rely on powerful high-tech resources and procedures. This ecosystems intact. Moreover, a healthy diet based on locally high level of quality and support allows adequate diagnoses produced food is being encouraged among residents, as are and individually tailored therapies. Within the Austrian context, participation in sport and physical exercise and adoption of the city is seen as having a leadership position in developing active forms of mobility (such as day-to-day walking, jogging, medical services. Furthermore, the municipal authorities also and cycling in public parks) through appropriately designing support long-standing efforts in research and development. For public areas. To successfully foster healthy living conditions, the the future, digital healthcare services and software applications city also aims to guarantee stable working conditions, fair pay, must be widely developed and should be suited to patients’ and a decent level of social security. The city has undertaken needs, and available to all. information campaigns, awareness-raising measures and training initiatives that address individual lifestyle habits The City Council is aiming to deliver a two-year increase in (walking and soft mobility) and health behaviors (food and the Viennese population’s healthy life expectancy by 2030 sporting activities). Figure 7.1 - Health objectives for Vienna smart city (Smart city Wien framework strategy 2019–2050, 2019) WOMEN MEN 90 80 + 2 + 2 70 72 73,6 73,5 76,1 72 73,6 73,9 76,6 65 1991 1999 2006/ 2014 2030 1991 1999 2006/ 2014 2030 2007 target 2007 target Overall life expectancy of which years in (very) good health 1.1 Basic sanitation which promotes the generation of renewable electrical energy, have helped the city to make new small-scale hydropower In 2006, Vienna Water put a new power plant that generates plants economically feasible, providing access to renewable electricity using drinking water into operation. Part of Vienna’s energy. The City Council is collaborating closely with Siemens water supply passes through a Francis turbine, generating AG, a company that had already proved its competence and three million kilowatt-hours of energy per year, enough to reliability in extensive cooperation projects relating to the city’s power one thousand households (SCWFS 2019–2050, 2019). existing power plants (SCWFS 2019–2050, 2019). The Ecoelectricity Law (Elektrizitätswirtschafts undVienna Water operates seven power plants in the village of Organisationsgesetz, 2010) and the Green Electricity Act (2011), Wildalpen supplying the entire village and the local facilities 197 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021 efil fo sraeY