consultations are providing help to seniors in their homes. As ecosystems, cities can be catalysts for better health and Smart technologies are also being used in Singapore to help lifestyles. City governments must act if they are to address people with disabilities and the elderly to navigate the city. such a complex challenge as ensuring a good quality of life. Under Singapore’s Green Man+ initiative, elderly people and Sustainable cities are intended to deliver a more sustainable individuals with disabilities are issued with a special card that, environment for improving the way of life of their inhabitants. when it is tapped on a reader installed at a pedestrian crossing, extends the length of the green light to give them extra time to K- Some limitations cross the road. The approach to smart cities that we have taken in this ebook Vienna has developed an alternative approach tohas some limitations. First, we have not covered cities in accommodating the needs of its elderly population. The developing countries, where cities’ stakeholders face extra Austrian capital is a leader in the introduction of healthcare challenges—for example, a lack of infrastructure, weak applications. The city offers a mobile service that connects technological bases, slums, poverty, and resource depletion. patients to the nearest physician, care center, or pharmacy. Second, we may have underestimated concerns about privacy In addition, the city offers tools for end users and homecare (that is, protection of personal information) and cybersecurity nurses to check and monitor patients’ vital signs. To our risks. Third, many of the world’s cities, including the six that knowledge, health policy is an integral part of the strategy in we focused on, are experiencing serious housing shortages, Vienna. Universities, pharmaceutical companies, and startups increasing rents and home prices, and escalating tensions have collaborated in a public-private partnership, Health Hub within rental markets. Many inhabitants of the six cities are Vienna, to set up a an effective and efficient ehealth ecosystem. concerned that the place that they call home will become an inaccessible hub of gentrification or, in the case of Barcelona, I- Security will be overwhelmed by mass tourism. Fourth, cities with chronic water shortages, such as Barcelona, have already Extensive networks of cameras to monitor streets fordeployed solutions. More generally, in some cities, water suspicious behavior have already been installed in many of the conservation programs (for example, water consumption cities in our sample. Singapore seems to be more active than tracking), solid waste reduction (for example, low-tech recycling the other five cities in this area. Supervision systems require programs), and a circular economy have been developed to both decentralized equipment such as sensors and monitoring anticipate such resource shortages (water, power). equipment and a centralized hypervision. In addition, some private security systems are connected to the public monitoring Urban transformation and tomorrow’s system. Among the six cities we analyzed, all have high-speed lifestyles fiber optic networks, and they are deploying 5G services. The second part of this chapter is about the challenges of J- Quality of life urban living today and tomorrow. It shows that new information, communication, and energy technologies create opportunities As we mentioned in the Executive Summary, different quality- to help cities to save on resources. However, these technologies of-life dimensions exist. People living in urban areas are paying are nothing more than tools for implementing proactive more and more attention to security. However, having time for urban planning that aims to reduce pollution, greenhouse shopping and convenient, smooth commutes are still cited gas emissions, and social costs (for example, rates of death, as attributes that shape quality of life. In addition, people are disease, unemployment, and health problems). A city’s status paying more attention to health conditions and environmental as a smart city supposes that the city prioritizes reducing its quality. Their subjective expectations are a mix of different carbon footprint and implementing sustainable urban policy. items that includes pollution levels, social connectedness, civic participation, social life, and job creation. Nevertheless, the cost The process of turning a city into a smart city happens slowly. of living is still at the top of people’s assessments concerning A number of factors are critical to increasing that process’s quality of life. Our study shows that city governments need momentum. Accelerating implementation requires close to play a role in this area. Labs and experiments are one collaboration between key stakeholders. Across a range of way in which they can do so, and pilot initiatives followed by issues, urban transformation brings together a large number of large-scale rollouts must be feasible, especially in the period stakeholders, including private companies, associations, NGOs, following the COVID-19 pandemic. residents, and, of course, the people in charge of managing the 228 Quélin and Smadja | HEC PARIS | SMART CITIES | The sustainable program of six leading cities | 2021